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Plantago princeps var. laxifolia

A.Gray (1862)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Plantaginaceae Genus: Plantago

ale, laukahi kuahiwi, plantago

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small shrubs.

Stems: Stems hollow, erect or ascending, ca. 1.5–25 dm long, branched, young internodes ± woolly with reddish brown hairs.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Tufted near the tips of the stems. Blades narrowly oblong–lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or sometimes elliptic, 10–30 cm long, 1.5–5 cm wide, blades undifferentiated from petioles. Apex acute to acuminate. Base slightly narrowed at base and sessile, or gradually attenuate to a winged petiole. Surfaces glabrous or lower surfaces sometimes appressed pilose, thick, coriaceous. Margins minutely and remotely denticulate or entire. (3–)5–9-veined, the veins more or less converging toward base. Petioles up to 5 cm long, winged. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in scapes usually several, 10–50 cm long, spikes (7–)11–28 cm long, glabrous to sparsely pilose, flowers densely crowded, sometimes spike somewhat interrupted, each flower spreading at nearly 90° angle to the axis. bracts lanceolate,1.2–3 mm long, glabrous but sometimes woolly at base, bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 4 sepals, subequal, distinct, elliptic to elliptic–ovate, 1.8–3.2 mm long, scarious except on midrib, glabrous or ciliate, apex sometimes minutely erose. Corolla salverform, 4-lobed, scarious, persistent in fruit, the tube covering the upper part of the capsule, lobes spreading, 1.5–2 mm long. Stamens 4, alternate with the corolla tubes; filaments adnate to corolla tube; anthers long–exserted, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with as many cells; ovules (2?)4, placentation axile; style 1, terminal, slender.

Fruit: Capsules narrowly ovoid–ellipsoid; 3–3.8 mm long; enclosed in the persistent calyx; slightly exserted from calyx; dehiscent at a point ⅔ to base or slightly more. Seeds 3–4; black; ellipsoid to oblong–ellipsoid; 1.5–2.1 mm long; the surface apparently with a mucilaginous membrane; with well–developed; firm; translucent endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 12

Habitat: Steep slopes; rock walls; or at bases of waterfalls.

Elevation Range: 480–1,100 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 54 (1862)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1055 (Mo, M, H); PEPP 2025/Perlman 6642 BISH (Mo†, 1987); PEPP 2025/Hillebrand 1888 (H†, 1871)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Molokai BISH 1910-03-01
2 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 16003 Molokai BISH
3 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 564 Molokai BISH 1912-09-01
4 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
5 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 16002 Maui BISH
6 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details With Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum, Pipturus albidus, Boehmeria grandis, Sadleria cyatheoides, Dubautia plantaginea, Machaerina angustifolia, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Cyrtandra grayi, Coprosma pubens, Broussaisia arguta, Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis variabilis, Scaevola chamissoniana. Preserved_Specimen 6 plants with immature frt, 1 - 3 ft ht. Perlman, S. 21287 Maui BISH 2008-12-03
7 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details At base of cliff, mostly on bare ground. Preserved_Specimen Plants 15-20 cm tall, branching near base in older plants. This plant appears to be dioeceous! No stamens appearing at any stage. Hobdy, R.W. 2034 Maui BISH 1984-03-23
8 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros-Styphelia lowland mesic shrubland with Dodonaea, Vaccinium, Psychotria, Wikstroemia, Sadleria, Broussaisia, Dubautia linearis, Lysimachia, Viola, Pipturus, Scaevola, Urera glabra, Lantana, Melinis minutiflora. Preserved_Specimen 5 plant, 2-3 ft ht with flower. Perlman, S. 6642 Molokai BISH 1987-10-22
9 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details At the foot of windswept cliffs at the very back of Iao Valley. Preserved_Specimen A single plant, utterly glabrous, viens parallel, pale, distinct. Hobdy, R.W. 911 Maui BISH 1980-10-16
10 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small valley at base of steep cliff, c. 200 ft. from head of valley. Preserved_Specimen One clone observed, 4 ft. high. Tessene, M.F. 1807 Maui BISH 1965-08-10
11 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small valley at base of steep cliff, c. 200 ft. from head of valley. Preserved_Specimen One clone observed, 4 ft. high. Tessene, M.F. 1807 Maui BISH 1965-08-10
12 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On bank near small landslide.Vegetation: Acacia, Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Melicope, Clermontia, Pipturus, Myrsine, Coprosma, Kadua, Scaevola, Sadleria, Dicranopteris, Psychotria, Cibotium, Athyrium, Diplazium, Dryopteris, Deschampsia, Selaginella, Rubus, Amauropelta, Nothoperanema, Mecodium, Lobelia, Dubautia, Vandenboschia, Peperomia, Carex, Christella, Machaerina, Cyrtandra, Antidesma, Pneumatopteris, Pilea, Isachne, Adiantum, Clidemia, Hedychium. Preserved_Specimen Rare; single plant observed on north bank of stream; 1.5 metres high. Oppenheimer, H.L. 50929 Maui BISH 2009-05-14
13 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Branching, reclining, 8 ft tall, growth habit of Dubatia. Mitchell, A.L. 92 Maui BISH 1945-11-22
14 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on windswept cliff near back of canyon. Preserved_Specimen 40 sm tall rosettes on woody erect stems. Hobdy, R.W. Maui BISH 1984-02-27
15 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small valley at base of steep cliff, c. 200 ft. from head of valley. Preserved_Specimen One clone observed, 4 ft. high. Tessene, M.F. 1807 Maui BISH 1965-08-10
16 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On talus slope. Preserved_Specimen Plants 15-20 cm tall, branching near base in older plants. Hobdy, R.W. 2035 Maui BISH 1984-03-23
17 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flowers protogynous, stigmas exposed early, stamens presented later when stigmas are drying. Hobdy, R.W. 2036 Maui BISH 1984-03-23
18 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 564 Molokai BISH 1912-09-01
19 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 564 Molokai BISH 1912-09-01
20 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6120 Molokai BISH 1910-03-19
21 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6120 Molokai BISH 1910-03-19
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