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Plantago princeps var. laxifolia

A.Gray (1862)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Plantaginaceae Genus: Plantago

plantago

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small shrubs.

Stems: Stems hollow, erect or ascending, ca. 1.5–25 dm long, branched, young internodes ± woolly with reddish brown hairs.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Tufted near the tips of the stems. Blades narrowly oblong–lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or sometimes elliptic, 10–30 cm long, 1.5–5 cm wide, blades undifferentiated from petioles. Apex acute to acuminate. Base slightly narrowed at base and sessile, or gradually attenuate to a winged petiole. Surfaces glabrous or lower surfaces sometimes appressed pilose, thick, coriaceous. Margins minutely and remotely denticulate or entire. (3–)5–9-veined, the veins more or less converging toward base. Petioles up to 5 cm long, winged. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in scapes usually several, 10–50 cm long, spikes (7–)11–28 cm long, glabrous to sparsely pilose, flowers densely crowded, sometimes spike somewhat interrupted, each flower spreading at nearly 90° angle to the axis. bracts lanceolate,1.2–3 mm long, glabrous but sometimes woolly at base, bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 4 sepals, subequal, distinct, elliptic to elliptic–ovate, 1.8–3.2 mm long, scarious except on midrib, glabrous or ciliate, apex sometimes minutely erose. Corolla salverform, 4-lobed, scarious, persistent in fruit, the tube covering the upper part of the capsule, lobes spreading, 1.5–2 mm long. Stamens 4, alternate with the corolla tubes; filaments adnate to corolla tube; anthers long–exserted, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with as many cells; ovules (2?)4, placentation axile; style 1, terminal, slender.

Fruit: Capsules narrowly ovoid–ellipsoid; 3–3.8 mm long; enclosed in the persistent calyx; slightly exserted from calyx; dehiscent at a point ⅔ to base or slightly more. Seeds 3–4; black; ellipsoid to oblong–ellipsoid; 1.5–2.1 mm long; the surface apparently with a mucilaginous membrane; with well–developed; firm; translucent endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 12

Habitat: Steep slopes; rock walls; or at bases of waterfalls.

Elevation Range: 480–1,100 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 54 (1862)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1055 (Mo, M, H); PEPP 2025/Perlman 6642 BISH (Mo†, 1987); PEPP 2025/Hillebrand 1888 (H†, 1871)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 16002 Maui BISH
2 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Maui US
3 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 564.mo. Kauai US
4 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & a. medieros 3214 Maui US 5/20/1994
5 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 6642 Molokai US 10/22/1987
6 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 16003 Molokai BISH
7 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2036 Maui BISH 3/23/1984
8 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 6120 Molokai BISH 3/19/1910
9 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On talus slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2035 Maui BISH 3/23/1984
10 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Molokai BISH 1910-00-00
11 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros styphelia lowland mesic shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 6642 Molokai PTBG 10/22/1987
12 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Vladimir J. Krajina 660700000 UBC 7/1/1966
13 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & k. marr 11922 Oahu US 6/19/1991
14 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. f. rock 6120 Molokai US 3/19/1910
15 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 6120 Molokai BISH 3/19/1910
16 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on windswept cliff near back of canyon. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. s.n. Maui BISH 2/27/1984
17 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PreservedSpecimen Hillebrand, W.B. Lydgate, J.M. Collector Number: s.n. BISH Specimen
18 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PreservedSpecimen Collector Number: 16003 Molokai BISH Specimen
19 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At the foot of windswept cliffs at the very back of Iao Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 911 Maui BISH 10/16/1980
20 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mitchell, A.L. 92 Maui BISH 11/22/1945
21 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On bank near small landslide.Vegetation: Acacia, Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Melicope, Clermontia, Pipturus, Myrsine, Coprosma, Kadua, Scaevola, Sadleria, Dicranopteris, Psychotria, Cibotium, Athyrium, Diplazium, Dryopteris, Deschampsia, Selaginella, Rubus, Amauropelta, Nothoperanema, Mecodium, Lobelia, Dubautia, Vandenboschia, Peperomia, Carex, Christella, Machaerina, Cyrtandra, Antidesma, Pneumatopteris, Pilea, Isachne, Adiantum, Clidemia, Hedychium. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50929 Maui BISH 5/14/2009
22 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At base of cliff, mostly on bare ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2034 Maui BISH 3/23/1984
23 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information With Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum, Pipturus albidus, Boehmeria grandis, Sadleria cyatheoides, Dubautia plantaginea, Machaerina angustifolia, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Cyrtandra grayi, Coprosma pubens, Broussaisia arguta, Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis variabilis, Scaevola chamissoniana. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 21287 Maui BISH 12/3/2008
24 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros-Styphelia lowland mesic shrubland with Dodonaea, Vaccinium, Psychotria, Wikstroemia, Sadleria, Broussaisia, Dubautia linearis, Lysimachia, Viola, Pipturus, Scaevola, Urera glabra, Lantana, Melinis minutiflora. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 6642 Molokai BISH 10/22/1987
25 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On mixed native cliff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 11922 Maui PTBG 5/19/1991
26 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Acacia koa-Metrosideros polymorpha Montane Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 3214 Maui PTBG 5/20/1994
27 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros- Cheirodendron Lowland Wet Forest with dissecting drainages. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6100 Maui PTBG 3/27/1997
28 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron wet forest, 8-12 m tall canopy, riparian w/ saturated talus & seeping, vertical basalt walls, steep Dicranopteris banks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 13488 Maui PTBG 2/19/2009
29 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 21287 Maui PTBG 12/3/2008
30 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 16002 Maui BISH
31 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Maui US
32 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 564.mo. Kauai US
33 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & a. medieros 3214 Maui US 5/20/1994
34 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 6642 Molokai US 10/22/1987
35 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 16003 Molokai BISH
36 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2036 Maui BISH 3/23/1984
37 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 6120 Molokai BISH 3/19/1910
38 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On talus slope. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2035 Maui BISH 3/23/1984
39 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. s.n. Molokai BISH 1910-00-00
40 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros styphelia lowland mesic shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 6642 Molokai PTBG 10/22/1987
41 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Vladimir J. Krajina 660700000 UBC 7/1/1966
42 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & k. marr 11922 Oahu US 6/19/1991
43 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. f. rock 6120 Molokai US 3/19/1910
44 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 6120 Molokai BISH 3/19/1910
45 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Growing on windswept cliff near back of canyon. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. s.n. Maui BISH 2/27/1984
46 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PreservedSpecimen Hillebrand, W.B. Lydgate, J.M. Collector Number: s.n. BISH Specimen
47 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PreservedSpecimen Collector Number: 16003 Molokai BISH Specimen
48 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At the foot of windswept cliffs at the very back of Iao Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 911 Maui BISH 10/16/1980
49 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mitchell, A.L. 92 Maui BISH 11/22/1945
50 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On bank near small landslide.Vegetation: Acacia, Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Perrottetia, Broussaisia, Melicope, Clermontia, Pipturus, Myrsine, Coprosma, Kadua, Scaevola, Sadleria, Dicranopteris, Psychotria, Cibotium, Athyrium, Diplazium, Dryopteris, Deschampsia, Selaginella, Rubus, Amauropelta, Nothoperanema, Mecodium, Lobelia, Dubautia, Vandenboschia, Peperomia, Carex, Christella, Machaerina, Cyrtandra, Antidesma, Pneumatopteris, Pilea, Isachne, Adiantum, Clidemia, Hedychium. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50929 Maui BISH 5/14/2009
51 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At base of cliff, mostly on bare ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2034 Maui BISH 3/23/1984
52 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information With Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum, Pipturus albidus, Boehmeria grandis, Sadleria cyatheoides, Dubautia plantaginea, Machaerina angustifolia, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Cyrtandra grayi, Coprosma pubens, Broussaisia arguta, Dodonaea viscosa, Eragrostis variabilis, Scaevola chamissoniana. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 21287 Maui BISH 12/3/2008
53 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros-Styphelia lowland mesic shrubland with Dodonaea, Vaccinium, Psychotria, Wikstroemia, Sadleria, Broussaisia, Dubautia linearis, Lysimachia, Viola, Pipturus, Scaevola, Urera glabra, Lantana, Melinis minutiflora. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 6642 Molokai BISH 10/22/1987
54 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On mixed native cliff. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 11922 Maui PTBG 5/19/1991
55 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Acacia koa-Metrosideros polymorpha Montane Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 3214 Maui PTBG 5/20/1994
56 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros- Cheirodendron Lowland Wet Forest with dissecting drainages. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6100 Maui PTBG 3/27/1997
57 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron wet forest, 8-12 m tall canopy, riparian w/ saturated talus & seeping, vertical basalt walls, steep Dicranopteris banks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 13488 Maui PTBG 2/19/2009
58 Plantago princeps var. laxifolia A.Gray Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 21287 Maui PTBG 12/3/2008
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